Namely
PCA sodium is a sodium salt of pyroglutamic acid. It is an amino acid that is found naturally in many proteins. It is part of NMF (natural moisturizing factor), that is to say compounds that allow the natural maintenance of skin hydration.
It is used in cosmetics as a moisturizing, humectant. It has been shown to have a stronger moisturizing power than glycerine, sorbitol or propanediol. This ingredient is also non-toxic, non-irritating and non-allergic.